By the 1930s, with Surrealism embraced by painters worldwide, the movement became a way to redefine ordinary objects into informal organization or meaning, bringing a feeling of alienation, a common position in the modern world. Many of the painters based their work on political ideals or struggles and revolutionary politics. Communism manifestos in the 1920s provided a reasonable, at the time, alternative to the destructive bourgeois society and its economic domination. Most of the artists were young and had just lived through the First World War and the chaos of the world's leaders. In the past, religious beliefs of the mind were instrumental in creating remarkable masterpieces for Surrealists, the release of the thoughts of the subconscious mind gave rise to this period's great works.Ĭommunism was also an influential concept for Surrealists. Some of the artists supposedly used drugs to connect with their inner minds. Early artists experimented with drawing automatically, not looking or thinking about the image, letting their inner psyche work, then completing the painting. Elements of nature were frequently included in a painting, positioned in strange places, and juxtaposed against an illogical background. Imagery is the most distinguishable part of Surrealism, often eccentric, weird, or bewildering, meant to make the viewer uncomfortable and challenge their general assumptions of imagery and art. Although they embraced Freud, they focused on the concept of idiosyncrasy instead of a view of madness. He wrote how dreams revealed real human emotion and cravings stemming from the inner mind and its revelation of sex, violence, and longing. Sigmund Freud also influenced Surrealism with his book, The Interpretation of Dreams. They didn't look for art in real everyday life instead, they used the impulses of the primitive unconscious mind. The rational mind was suppressed, and imagination locked in by societal controls. Surrealist work was tense and sexual based on hidden psychological forces in the subconscious. Early artists experimenting with Surrealism were from multiple countries, creating diverse and symbolic images emerging from the subconscious mind, a place of superior authenticity and the absence of control. Dada provided a platform for the Surrealists to further move away from conventional art and into the unexpected. Earlier, Dada employed the disdain of traditional art instead of interjecting letters, photographs, and readymade objects. The Manifesto of Surrealism by André Breton was a publication for a literary movement based on experimenting with writing about the subconscious or dream states, the world of imagination, and irrationality.
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